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How to file your ITR for FY 2025–26: forms, deadlines and a step-by-step guide

Everything a salaried earner, freelancer or small-business owner needs to file the right return, on time, without triggering a notice — for assessment year 2026–27.

Read this in 30 secondsThe essentials, before the detail
Who this is for

Salaried individuals, freelancers and small-business owners filing for FY 2025–26 (AY 2026–27).

What you'll learn

Which ITR form to use, the deadlines, late-filing penalties, and the right order to file in.

Mistake to avoid

Filing under the wrong regime or the wrong form — both delay refunds and invite notices.

Talk to us when

You have capital gains, foreign income or business income, or you've already received a notice.

Filing your income tax return (ITR) sounds scary. It isn't. Do it in the right order, with the right form, and it takes about 30 minutes — and it makes sure you get back any refund you're owed.

An ITR is simply a form you submit online that tells the government how much you earned and how much tax you already paid. This guide is for FY 2025–26 — the year from 1 April 2025 to 31 March 2026 (the tax office calls this "assessment year 2026–27").

We'll keep it simple: which form to use, the last date, what happens if you're late, what to keep ready, and the exact steps. If your case is trickier — you sold shares or property, have foreign income, or run a business — our income tax team can just file it for you.

The short answer

If you're salaried, your ITR for FY 2025–26 is due by 31 July 2026. File it free on the income tax portal using ITR-1 (most salaried people) or ITR-2 (if you also sold investments or own more than one house). Pick your tax regime, fill the form, and then e-verify within 30 days — the return doesn't count until you do. File late and you pay a fee of up to ₹5,000.

Quick decision

Where should you start?

Salaried, one employer ITR-1 likely fits — read the forms and steps below
Freelancer or consultant Read Section 44ADA and file ITR-4
Capital gains or two-plus houses You'll need ITR-2 — see the form table below
Business owner or partnership firm Skip the guesswork — book a filing review
Already received a tax notice Start with our guide to responding to a notice

Which ITR form should you use?

There are four common ITR forms. Picking the wrong one is the most frequent mistake — your return gets marked "defective" and your refund gets stuck. The right form depends on where your money comes from, not your job title. Here's the quick map:

ITR forms for individuals — FY 2025–26
FormUse it if your income is fromIncome ceiling
ITR-1 (Sahaj)Salary, one house property, other sources (interest); small LTCG up to ₹1.25 lakh≤ ₹50 lakh
ITR-2Capital gains, two or more houses, foreign income or assets — but no business incomeNo limit
ITR-3Business or professional income (and anything in ITR-2)No limit
ITR-4 (Sugam)Presumptive income under Sections 44AD, 44ADA or 44AE≤ ₹50 lakh

A quick way to place yourself:

  • Salaried with one job and maybe some bank interest? ITR-1 is almost certainly yours. Example: Anjali, a software engineer with one Form 16 (the salary-and-tax slip from her employer) and ₹12,000 of FD interest, files ITR-1.
  • Sold shares, mutual funds or property, or own a second house? You move to ITR-2.
  • Freelancer or consultant declaring income the simple way? Use ITR-4 — our Section 44ADA guide shows when this saves you the most.

Deadlines and what late filing costs

For salaried people, the last date is 31 July 2026. If you run a business or freelance (and don't need an audit), you get one extra month — 31 August 2026. Miss it and you can still file a "belated" (late) return, but it costs you money and a few rights. Here are all the dates:

Filing deadlines — AY 2026–27
Return typeDue date
Salaried & other ITR-1 / ITR-2 filers31 Jul 2026
Business or professional incomeNon-audit — ITR-3 & ITR-431 Aug 2026
Taxpayers requiring a tax auditCompanies, audited proprietors & firms31 Oct 2026
Transfer-pricing casesForm 3CEB applicable30 Nov 2026
Belated & revised returns31 Dec 2026
Updated return (ITR-U)Within 48 months of the AY's end31 Mar 2031

File late and you pay a fixed late fee, plus 1% interest a month on any tax you still owe. The fee is smaller if you earn less:

Cost of filing late — Sections 234F & 234A
SituationCharge
Total income above ₹5 lakh₹5,000
Total income up to ₹5 lakh₹1,000
Tax still unpaidInterest under Section 234A1% per month

There's a hidden cost too. If you made a loss (say on shares or in your business), filing late means you can't carry that loss forward to reduce next year's tax. And if you're owed a refund, filing early just gets your money back sooner.

Not sure which form or regime applies to you? Send us your income details and one of our tax experts will point you to the right form in minutes.
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Choose your regime before you file

India has two tax systems, and you pick one:

  • The new regime has lower tax rates but almost no deductions. It's now the default — if you do nothing, you're in it.
  • The old regime has higher rates but lets you claim deductions — for a home loan, rent (HRA), investments under Section 80C, and more.

Which is better? It depends on how much you can deduct. Example: if you pay rent and have a home loan, the old regime often wins. If you have few deductions, the new regime usually wins. Our new vs old regime guide works it out with real numbers, and our 80C and 80D guide shows the deductions that tip the balance.

Rule of thumb: if your taxable income lands at or below ₹12 lakh, the new regime is hard to beat — the Section 87A rebate takes the tax to nil. Above that, the old regime only wins when your total deductions are deep.

Not sure which way to go? Our regime calculator compares both for your exact salary and deductions in seconds — run it before you lock the form.

Documents to gather before you start

Most filing problems happen when you start, then stop halfway to hunt for a number. Keep these ready first — most take minutes to download:

  • PAN and Aadhaar — and make sure they're linked, or your return won't go through.
  • Form 16 — the salary-and-tax statement your employer gives you (one from each employer you worked for).
  • AIS and Form 26AS — two summaries on the tax portal that show the income and tax the government already has on record for you. Your return must match these.
  • Bank interest details — from savings accounts and fixed deposits.
  • Capital gains statement — from your broker or mutual-fund app, if you sold any investments.
  • Proof of your deductions — 80C investments (PPF, ELSS, insurance), health insurance premiums, home-loan interest.

How to file, step by step

Documents ready? The actual filing is quick. Follow this order on the income tax portal:

  • Match your numbers first. Check that your Form 16 agrees with the AIS and Form 26AS on the portal. If they don't match, fix it before filing — mismatches are the No. 1 reason people get a tax notice.
  • Confirm your regime and pick the matching ITR form from the table above.
  • Log in and pre-fill. The portal auto-fills salary, TDS and interest data; check each line rather than trusting it blindly.
  • Add what's missing — deductions, capital gains, other income — and validate the return.
  • Pay any balance tax due, or confirm your refund and bank account.
  • E-verify within 30 days. An unverified return is treated as never filed — this is the step people forget.

Common mistakes that delay your refund

These are the slip-ups we see most often:

  • Using the wrong form — the return gets marked defective and your refund stalls.
  • Forgetting to e-verify — people file, then skip the final step, so the return never counts.
  • Numbers that don't match the AIS — a missed FD interest or a sold mutual fund quietly triggers a notice.
  • Choosing the regime by accident — staying on the default new regime when the old one would have saved you more.
  • Waiting till the last week — the portal slows down and small errors creep in.

Frequently asked questions

What is the last date to file ITR for FY 2025–26?

For salaried individuals and others filing ITR-1 or ITR-2, the due date is 31 July 2026. If you report business or professional income but don't need an audit (ITR-3 or ITR-4), you have until 31 August 2026. Either way, a belated return can be filed up to 31 December 2026 with a late fee under Section 234F.

Which ITR form should a salaried person use?

Most salaried people with income up to ₹50 lakh from salary, one house and interest use ITR-1 (Sahaj). If you also have capital gains, more than one house, or foreign income, you move to ITR-2.

Do I have to file if my income is below the exemption limit?

Often yes. Filing is mandatory if you hold foreign assets, have deposited large sums in bank accounts, spent above set limits on travel or electricity, or want to claim a refund of TDS already deducted. When in doubt, file — it's also your cleanest income proof for loans and visas.

What happens if I file under the wrong regime?

You may pay more tax than you needed to. Salaried taxpayers can switch regimes each year at filing, so a wrong choice can be corrected by filing under the right one — but only up to the relevant deadline. Business owners have far less flexibility, which is why the choice matters more for them.

How do I verify my return after filing?

E-verify within 30 days using an Aadhaar OTP, net banking, or a pre-validated bank account. Until you verify, the return is not considered filed and any refund stays on hold.

Want a second pair of eyes before you submit? Our team reviews your figures, confirms the right form and regime, and files the return for you — so your refund isn't held up and a notice never lands.

Book a filing review →

Free download

ITR filing checklist — FY 2025–26

Every document and step in one printable sheet, so nothing gets missed before the deadline.

Need help filing in Bengaluru?

File your ITR with a Bengaluru tax team

We compare both regimes against your actual income, pick the right form, file your return and handle any follow-up — for individuals and businesses across Karnataka.

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File your ITR right — your first call is free

Talk to a real tax expert at Plus & Minus about your FY 2025–26 return. Based in Bengaluru, filing for clients across Karnataka and beyond — no bots, no obligation, and we reply within 2 hours.

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